Cold Spells Problems For U.S. Winter Wheat

As of the morning of Jan. 18, 53.7 percent of the U.S. was covered with snow. While the highest snow depths can be found out West in the Rocky Mountains, a large majority of the Eastern half of the U.S. currently has snow on the ground. Even states as far south as eastern Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia and a small portion of the Florida panhandle woke up to white. Following a brief warm-up last week in both the Central and Eastern U.S., cold air made its way back into the U.S., beginning in the Plains mid to late week and eventually spreading to the East Coast over the weekend. These below normal temperatures have persisted this week, which helped allow it to snow down in the Deep South. But while is snowed in the Southeast, some states in the Plains remained snow-free during this cold plunge.

 

With temperatures struggling to rise even close to freezing this week, the lack of snow in states like Oklahoma, Kansas and eastern Colorado will have winter wheat crops once again susceptible to winterkill. This year’s winter wheat crop is already the smallest planted in the U.S. in over 100 years, with only an estimated 32.6 million acres planted. While significant losses to this year’s crop are being speculated out of states like Kansas, the full extent of the damage will not be able to be assessed and quantified until the spring when the crop emerges from dormancy. At that time, farmers will need to decide if they will continue with the crop or cut their losses and possibly plant a row crop such as corn.

 

As if the cold and lack of snow weren’t hard enough on the winter wheat, the Central U.S. has also been very dry. As a result, drought conditions began to emerge in the Plains in November and have continued to expand and intensify into 2018. Currently, the state of Oklahoma has 12.1 percent of the state in extreme drought, 36.1 percent in severe drought, 35.9 percent in moderate drought and 15.9 percent with abnormal dryness. Kansas has 4.1 percent in extreme drought, 15.1 percent in severe drought, 33.3 percent in moderate drought and 47.5 percent with abnormal dryness. Over the next 7 days (Jan 18-24), minimal precipitation is expected in these states, providing no relief to the dry grounds.