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Enduring Low Milk Prices

Mar 10, 2016
By Tracey Erickson
 
As we look forward into 2016 it seems we need to recall the lessons that we learned in 2012 when milk prices fell again to all-time lows. The difference at this point is that we are also not dealing with a drought and short feed supplies causing high feed input prices. With tighter milk to input price ratios producers need to look at ways to maximize income and meet expenses. There are a few general things to keep in mind to minimize long term impacts and overall damage to the business through the lower milk price cycles.
 
Identify Profitable Cows
 
First, is to make sure the herd is stocked with profitable cows. Do you have cows below the herd average for their total milk production or do not produce enough to meet break-even expenses? Are there cows that are not producing quality milk and may need to be culled because of high somatic cell counts, high bacteria counts, or low milk fat and protein levels or poor reproductive performance? Is there opportunity to replace these cows, through voluntary culling from the herd, with cows that have the genetic potential to respond and out produce herd mates? Continue to work with your genetic/semen supplier to identify cows that are profitable and producing the high quality milk that is paying you a premium.
 
Maximize Management Potential
 
Second is to maximize your management potential. Some basic things to look at include:
 
  1. Optimize rations for the various groups of cattle. For example, instead of one overall ration for the milking herd, are you taking the opportunity to feed groups or split the herd into fresh, early lactation, bred or not bred (mid lactation), and late lactation groups? This strategy will result in a cost-effective ration for the lactation group and improve their overall milk production. This can be referred to as “opportunity milk” where additional milk is produced by a cow with genetic potential to respond when management conditions are improved.
  2. Are you allocating forages and matching forage quality with the physiological requirements of each animal group? Is there an opportunity to use lower quality forages in a late lactation group or possibly heifers, and reserve high quality forages for the early to mid-lactation group?
  3. Is there an opportunity to use by-products from local Ag processing plants in your ration such as distillers grains syrups, corn gluten, DDG’s, beet pulp, sunflower meal, etc…at a cost effective inclusion rate in the ration?
  4. Are you maximizing the use of your facility? Is every stall functional in the barn, especially if the barn is slightly overcrowded? Is your bunk space per cow at an optimal level? 5. Are you doing the little things that sometimes get overlooked, such as cleaning the water and making sure the drinking fountains deliver enough water for each cow in the pen? This becomes even more critical as we move into the hotter months of the year. Is the feed getting pushed up or delivered in a timely manner?
  5. Have you evaluated where your herd is at compared to the rest of the industry standards for culling, reproduction, overall milk production and milk quality levels, herd health issues and so on? Is there an opportunity to improve any of these through a change in your herd management practices?
  6. Do not skimp on those items that may have a direct and long-term impact on your herds overall profitability such as vaccines which can affect the overall health of the dairy herd.
  7. Is there an opportunity to “lock-in” low feed prices by buying ahead? Consideration needs to be given to storage costs and shrink if this is a possible option along with the impact on cash flow within your operation.
 
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