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Key Minerals for Cattle Grazing on Small Cereal Forages

Feb 28, 2025
By Farms.com

Nutrients to Prevent Deficiencies and Improve Cattle Health

Small cereals like cereal rye, winter wheat, and triticale provide excellent forage but often lack essential minerals. Supplementing cattle with the right nutrients can prevent deficiencies, improve health, and enhance productivity. 

Essential Minerals for Lactating Cows

Lactating cows require adequate magnesium and calcium to prevent grass tetany, a fatal condition caused by low blood magnesium. Since symptoms appear suddenly, prevention is crucial. A 4 oz free-choice mineral supplement should contain:

  • Salt (NaCl): 20–25%

  • Calcium (Ca): At least 8%

  • Magnesium (Mg): At least 10%

Providing these minerals reduces the risk of tetany and ensures proper nutrition. 

Minerals for Growing Cattle

Young cattle may not be as vulnerable to tetany, but proper mineral intake significantly improves growth. Studies show that cattle given adequate calcium and magnesium gain up to 0.5 lb/day more than those without supplements. A 4 oz mineral mix for growing cattle should include:

  • Salt (NaCl): 20–25% 

  • Calcium (Ca): At least 20% 

  • Magnesium (Mg): At least 5% 

Magnesium also helps prevent bloat by supporting healthy digestion. 

Additional Nutrients for Better Performance

Including monensin, a widely used ionophore, can further enhance cattle growth, with gains of around 0.2 lb/day observed in research.

Essential trace minerals like copper and zinc are also crucial for cattle health and immunity. A 4 oz supplement should include:

  • Copper (Cu): 1,300–2,000 ppm

  • Zinc (Zn): 2,000–3,000 ppm

“We invest significantly to offer the industry’s most advanced pipeline of innovative agricultural solutions,” said Camilla Corsi, Global Head of Crop Protection R&D at Syngenta.

By ensuring cattle receive proper mineral supplementation, farmers can promote healthier herds, prevent nutritional imbalances, and optimize growth when grazing small cereals.


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Turning Better Feed Into Better Herds: Innovation in Forage Harvesting

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What happens when a dairy farmer gets frustrated with equipment that isn’t doing its job? In this episode, we sit down with Horning Manufacturing founder Leon Horning to hear how a problem in the feed bunk led to a globally recognized forage equipment company.

Born out of a third-generation dairy operation in Pennsylvania, Horning Manufacturing started with one goal: helping cows get more nutrition from silage. Leon shares how his father, Leon Sr., built the first kernel processor rolls in the family farm shop after seeing whole corn kernels pass through cows undigested — costing valuable feed efficiency and milk production.

We explore the company’s journey from a side project on the farm to an international manufacturer serving dairy farmers, beef operators, and custom harvesters around the world. Along the way, Leon discusses the evolution of pull-type forage harvesters, the engineering behind Horning’s “plug-and-play” kernel processor kits, and why reducing downtime during harvest can make or break a season.

The conversation also dives into Horning’s row-independent corn heads, practical equipment design, real-world customer stories, and how innovations born in the field continue to shape the company today.

Whether you’re a producer, equipment enthusiast, or simply love stories of grassroots innovation, this episode offers a fascinating look at how one farm family turned necessity into industry-changing technology.

Contact Horning Manufacturing today at 717-354-5040
https://www.horningmfg.com/