By Jake Galbreath
Anthrax is a concern for cattle producers in North Dakota, as weather conditions in some areas are once again favorable for the development of this disease.
Anthrax is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis. This bacteria is often found in soil and is able to form spores that are highly resistant to heat, cold and disinfection. These spores can survive in the soil for years under favorable conditions.
"When these spores come in contact with susceptible cattle, they can 'hatch' and cause infection, leading to disease and death,” says Dr. Jake Galbreath, North Dakota State University Extension veterinarian.
The threat of anthrax is increased when areas receive high amounts of rainfall and prolonged dry conditions. Dry conditions cause the bacteria to form spores. High rainfall can disturb soil, releasing spores which can stick to plant material. Persistently dry conditions in many areas of the state mean cattle may be grazing closer to the ground or around water sources with lowered water levels, potentially exposing spores.
In most cases, the only sign of anthrax is finding dead cattle, often with blood coming from the nose, mouth and anus. Sudden death can be caused by other factors, such as lightning strike, Clostridial disease and toxicities such as blue-green algae. However, anthrax should be considered as a possibility in any such case.
Source : ndsu.edu