By Dr. Kenny Burdine
USDA released both the July cattle inventory and cattle-on-feed reports on July 24th. And shortly after these reports dropped, the announcement was made that a phased resumption of feeder cattle imports from Mexico would begin in late August. The latter news seemed to overshadow the two reports through the weekend, but Josh provided an excellent overview of both reports and the live cattle trade news last Monday. This week, I wanted to focus on the July cattle inventory report and share three things that especially stood out to me.
The beef cow herd continues to get older
I have written a lot about the slow pace of beef cow slaughter over the last couple of years. Beef cow slaughter was down by more than 500,000 cows (-17.6%) in 2025 and is on pace to be down by over 350,000 cows in 2026. This implies a cull rate (beef cow slaughter / January 1 beef cow inventory) of 8.4% in 2025 and would suggest a cull rate of 7.2% if the current trend continues through the rest 2026. The fact that we are culling the herd at such a low rate, but continuing to see decreases in the number of beef cows, suggests an extremely low herd entry rate. With beef cows being retained longer and so few young females entering the breeding herd, the cowherd continues to get older. This will soon catch up with us, and a larger share of this herd will have to be culled going forward. I view this as yet another indicator that this is going to be a slow expansion.
Source : osu.edu