Study finds solar panels can support crops conserve water and improve efficiency
As demand for both food and clean energy grows, agrivoltaics is emerging as a promising solution. This approach combines crop production with solar energy generation, allowing the same land to be used for multiple purposes.
Researchers recently created a detailed model that examines how solar panels interact with crops, soil, water, and the surrounding atmosphere. The tool helps scientists better understand the complex relationships within agrivoltaic systems and predict their performance under real farming conditions.
Using weather data and field observations, the researchers studied how tomato plants performed beneath solar panels. The analysis showed that the shaded environment reduced plant heat stress during hot periods. Crop leaves remained significantly cooler compared to those grown in open fields, helping plants use water more efficiently.
The study found that water loss from crops declined considerably under solar panels. While the shade reduced sunlight reaching the plants, the cooler temperatures helped maintain plant activity and productivity. These conditions may be especially valuable during periods of extreme heat.
Solar energy production also benefited from the arrangement. Panels above vegetated areas stayed cooler than those installed over bare soil. Since excessive heat can reduce panel performance, cooler operating temperatures improve energy efficiency.
Another important finding involved worker comfort. The research indicated that temperatures felt by people working on the farm were lower beneath the solar panels. Cooler conditions could help reduce heat-related risks during busy field operations.
Photo Credit: istock-shansekala