Global research has revealed the two-way relationship between climate change and agriculture. Agriculture is a major driver of climate change, extinction, and pollution, with major environmental effects. At the same time, flooding, droughts, and extreme temperatures resulting from climate change are beginning to threaten global food production.
A sweeping global research conducted by professors at the University of Minnesota, with more than 20 experts from around the world, examined the links between climate and agriculture. The study revealed that as climate change puts more pressure on the global food supply, agriculture adopts practices that further accelerate climate change. The research team also identified new agricultural practices that have the potential to greatly reduce climate impacts, increase efficiency, and stabilize the global food supply in the decades to come. The research found:
- Climate change has broad-ranging impacts on agricultural practices, increasing water use and scarcity, nitrous oxide and methane emissions, soil degradation, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, pest pressure, pesticide pollution, and biodiversity loss.
- Climate-agriculture feedback pathways could dramatically increase agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. Without changes in agriculture, this feedback loop could make it impossible to achieve the Paris Agreement goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius to 2 degrees Celsius.
- Existing sustainable agricultural practices and technologies, if they are implemented on a wide scale, can greatly reduce agricultural emissions and prevent a feedback loop from developing. To achieve this, governments must work to remove socioeconomic barriers and make climate-resilient solutions accessible to farmers and food producers.
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