By Justin Brackenrich and Leanna Duppstadt
Early fall and spring are the best times to assess forage stands in Pennsylvania and determine if improvements should be made for the upcoming growing season. This is done to optimize forage quality and yield, create new forage stands, and restore existing pastures and hay fields that are lagging in yield and productivity. There are several factors to consider when determining which species to plant and to help ensure proper germination, growth, and stand longevity.
This time of year, is ideal for assessment because it can line up with the best planting times for forages as well. Spring brings with it cool temperatures and adequate moisture, sometimes too much, and rapid establishment is crucial to avoid competition from weeds. Fall tends to be the most popular time for seeding because, like spring, we have cooler temperatures, moisture is usually adequate, and there is less weed pressure. That being said, seasons are variable, and fall is sometimes drier than usual, so it is important that there is going to be moisture present for a new seeding to germinate and that it is able to get enough growth before the first frost.
Assess Current Stand Productivity
Determining the productivity of the current perennial forage stand is an essential step in making the decision for improvement. This can be done most often using forage height measurements, cutting and weighing, or with pasture sticks.
Source : psu.edu