In fall 2025, a trial evaluating fall-seeded winter forages and cover crops was established at the Russell E. Larson Agricultural Research Center in Rock Springs, central PA. Planting occurred on October 3, and harvest took place in spring 2026. The trial featured two harvest management systems: a single-cut system and a multi-cut system.
Cereal species (rye and triticale) were harvested using the single-cut approach, while annual ryegrasses were evaluated under both systems. Eight annual ryegrass varieties were included in each. In the multi-cut system, annual ryegrass was harvested twice—first on May 18, followed by a second cut on June 8. In the single-cut system, varieties were harvested at the boot stage. Harvesting for cereal species began on April 23, 2026, and concluded on May 14, 2026.
Our soil fertility program is based on phosphorus and potassium maintenance applications that are aligned with soil test recommendations. Plots received 100 pounds of nitrogen at spring green-up on (3/26/2026) and, for the multi-cut system, an additional 50 pounds after the first harvest. For detailed recommendations on establishment, fertilization, and other management practices, please refer to the current Penn State Agronomy Guide.
Table 1 lists the fall-seeded winter forage and cover crop varieties included in this trial that are currently available—or may soon become available—in Pennsylvania (availability may vary; please confirm with suppliers). Tables 2 and 3 provide guidelines for assessing the production potential of these varieties.
Source : psu.edu