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Diversifying Crop Rotation Through Field Peas, Sorghum and Polycropping

SDSU Extension will kick off the second month of its Crop Hour Series, with a week focused on field peas, sorghum and polycropping practices. During the virtual coffee hour February 2-5, participants will get to hear the latest research in this area and why including these alternative crops in rotations is beneficial.

“We will share SDSU’s Field Pea Variety Trials as well as cover root and other common diseases of field peas and management options available to producers to help prevent these diseases,” says Ruth Beck, SDSU Extension Agronomy Field Specialist. “We will also review SDSU’s Sorghum Variety Trials and herbicide options to manage weeds in sorghum. Finally, we will discuss ongoing research at the Dakota Lakes Research Farm near Pierre involving polycropping, which is the practice of growing more than one crop in a field at the same time.”

Growers and agribusiness professionals are invited to join the SDSU Extension team 10 to 11 a.m. CST each day during the Field Peas, Sorghum and Polycropping Week:

  • February 2: “Growing Field Peas and Other Pulse Crops in S.D.," Chris Graham, SDSU Extension Agronomist
  • February 3: "Managing Root Disease in Field Peas," Audrey Kalil, NDSU Extension Plant Pathologist; "Other Common Diseases of Field Peas in S.D.,” Ruth Beck, SDSU Extension
  • February 4: "Sorghum Variety Trials,” Chris Graham, SDSU Extension; “Weed Management in Sorghum,” Paul Johnson, SDSU Extension Weed Science Coordinator
  • February 5: "Polycropping with Annual and Perennial Crops,” Dwayne Beck, SDSU Dakota Lakes Research Farm Manager

“There can be many benefits to including alternative crops in crop rotations. Diverse crop rotation is one of the five principles of soil health. Increasing diversity by including alternative crops in crop rotations also helps to break pest cycles and increase opportunities to utilize different herbicide chemistries,” says Ruth Beck, SDSU Extension Agronomy Field Specialist. “In addition to these benefits, in dry years, field peas and sorghum provide cropping options that utilize less moisture than more traditional options such as corn and soybeans. They are one more tool South Dakota producers can utilize during dry conditions.”

Each week SDSU Extension’s Crop Hour will cover a different area of agronomic production, from field crops and forages to water and weather.

The webinar series began January 5 and will conclude March 26.
There is no fee to attend but participants will need to register for the weekly webinars on the SDSU Extension Crops page. Confirmation Zoom links and reminders will be emailed to attendees.

Educational credits (CEU’s) will be available for Certified Crop Advisers for each session.

Source : sdstate.edu

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Wheat Yields in USA and China Threatened by Heat Waves Breaking Enzymes

Video: Wheat Yields in USA and China Threatened by Heat Waves Breaking Enzymes

A new peer reviewed study looks at the generally unrecognized risk of heat waves surpassing the threshold for enzyme damage in wheat.

Most studies that look at crop failure in the main food growing regions (breadbaskets of the planet) look at temperatures and droughts in the historical records to assess present day risk. Since the climate system has changed, these historical based risk analysis studies underestimate the present-day risks.

What this new research study does is generate an ensemble of plausible scenarios for the present climate in terms of temperatures and precipitation, and looks at how many of these plausible scenarios exceed the enzyme-breaking temperature of 32.8 C for wheat, and exceed the high stress yield reducing temperature of 27.8 C for wheat. Also, the study considers the possibility of a compounded failure with heat waves in both regions simultaneously, this greatly reducing global wheat supply and causing severe shortages.

Results show that the likelihood (risk) of wheat crop failure with a one-in-hundred likelihood in 1981 has in today’s climate become increased by 16x in the USA winter wheat crop (to one-in-six) and by 6x in northeast China (to one-in-sixteen).

The risks determined in this new paper are much greater than that obtained in previous work that determines risk by analyzing historical climate patterns.

Clearly, since the climate system is rapidly changing, we cannot assume stationarity and calculate risk probabilities like we did traditionally before.

We are essentially on a new planet, with a new climate regime, and have to understand that everything is different now.