Earlham Study Plants Seeds for Agribusiness Hub Empowering Next-Gen Farmers

Jun 27, 2025

A new study led by an Earlham College faculty-student research team reveals that while regenerative agriculture is viewed by farmers as a promising path forward for soil health and community wellbeing, widespread adoption in the Midwest is being held back by a lack of information, financial support and shared resources.

“For farmers in our area, there’s a gap between how beneficial these practices are seen as and how common they are on the landscape,” said Jaime Coon, assistant professor of biology and environmental sustainability at Earlham, on the four-year research endeavor. “So, the motivation is there. But farmers say they need help getting started with grant programs, community support, and opportunities to learn from each other.”

Coon and 2024 Earlham graduate Mary Jo (MJ) Easley are the lead authors of “Farmer Perceptions of Regenerative Agriculture in the Corn Belt: Exploring Motivations and Barriers to Adoption,” recently published in the international peer-reviewed journal Agriculture and Human Values. Their research examines how early adopters of regenerative practices near the Indiana-Ohio border define regenerative agriculture and what barriers to adoption look like.

Easley, now a pursuing a Master of Science in Sustainability Management at the University of Toronto Mississauga on scholarship from the Fulbright Graduate Studies program, began the research as a sophomore on campus. The project became a four-year collaboration with Coon and additional Earlham collaborators, including Gene Hambrick, senior executive director of the Center for Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Creativity, and Jenny Williams, office manager and administrative assistant for the Epic Centers CoLab.

The team conducted surveys and in-depth interviews with dozens of early adopters of regenerative practices, with a focus on examining areas that are rural, economically depressed and where agriculture remains central to the local economy.

Interviewees cited motivations like improving soil health, protecting water quality, enhancing biodiversity, and sustaining family farms. Many of those interviewed saw a direct link between environmental practices and community wellbeing.

Source : earlham.edu

Video: The 15-Year Bet Behind Every New Variety!

Canada is trying to decide how much agricultural research capacity it can afford to lose. Brian Rossnagel believes the better question is whether the country can afford to rebuild it.

The longtime barley and oat breeder makes the case with a simple fact about his profession: the consequences of today’s decisions may not become visible for 10 or 15 years.

“Pick the right parents. That’s the biggest thing,” Rossnagel says. “If you pick the wrong parents, you’re not going to get anywhere—and you don’t know that until 10 years, 15 years later.”

That warning carries particular weight as Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada moves to reduce spending and streamline parts of its science operations. The department’s 2026–27 plan anticipates the loss of approximately 665 positions by 2028–29 and says some research will be reduced where capacity exists in academia or industry. AAFC says the changes will make its science operations more cost-effective over the long term.

For Canada’s seed industry, Rossnagel’s career illustrates what is at stake.

This fall, the retired University of Saskatchewan breeder will be inducted into the Canadian Agricultural Hall of Fame. During his 35-year career at the Crop Development Centre, he helped develop more than 100 barley and oat varieties, including CDC Austenson—one of Western Canada’s most widely grown feed barleys. His induction recognizes not only those varieties, but the collaboration and research system that made them possible.

Rossnagel is quick to emphasize that none of it was the work of one person.

“The first thing I thought about was all the other people who contributed to whatever success I and my program had over the years,” he says. “We know that it’s not an individual who does this. It’s a group—a team.”

That team extends well beyond the breeder whose name appears beside a variety. It includes technicians, pathologists, quality specialists, statisticians, regional testing sites, seed growers and industry partners. It also includes the breeders who came before and those who will carry the germplasm forward.

CDC Fraser barley, for example, moved through three breeding careers. Its parents came from Brian Harvey’s program. Rossnagel advanced the material after Harvey retired, and Aaron Beattie later guided it through registration and release.

That kind of handoff is normal in plant breeding. The person who makes the original cross may never see the resulting variety reach farmers.

It also explains why lost research capacity cannot simply be switched back on when budgets improve.

“If you shut it off, it’s very, very difficult—and particularly costly—to start it up again,” Rossnagel says. “If you have to start from scratch, it’s going to be at least 10 years before anybody notices whether you’re getting anything done or not.”

The concern is not simply how many experimental lines Canada can process. Modern equipment, statistical tools and genetic technologies allow today’s breeding programs to evaluate tens of thousands of lines—far more than Rossnagel could handle when he entered the field in the early 1970s.

But efficiency and automation do not generate every idea.

“If you pare back down, and instead of having six or seven individual scientists concentrating on wheat breeding, you go down and say three people could handle all this, well, that’s half the ideas gone,” he says. “Particularly if you happen to lose the three people who had the really neat and innovative ideas, boy, that’s a problem.”

It is a timely distinction for Canadian agriculture. Consolidating programs may preserve the volume of material moving through a system, at least initially. It may not preserve the diversity of thinking, regional knowledge or willingness to pursue unconventional crosses.

That regional knowledge matters because Canadian agriculture is not one uniform production environment. A variety suited to southern Alberta may face different disease, moisture and maturity pressures than one grown in Manitoba, Ontario or Atlantic Canada.

“Agriculture is applied biology,” Rossnagel says. “Biology, all around the Earth, moves from the poles to the equator. It does not move from Newfoundland to B.C. like politics do.”