Greenhouse Automation - Why AI is the New Essential Tool for Growers.
Researchers at Kentucky State University are emphasizing the increasing importance of artificial intelligence in controlled environment agriculture as growers look for more efficient ways to manage indoor crop production.
A new review published in the Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science outlines how AI technologies are helping modern farming systems improve productivity and decision-making.
The study focused on controlled environment agriculture systems such as greenhouses, hydroponic facilities, vertical farms, and high tunnels.
Researchers explained that AI tools can analyze large volumes of data gathered from sensors, cameras, automation systems, and crop-monitoring devices to support better management practices and faster responses to production challenges.
The review was written by researchers Alex Kofi, Dr. Theoneste Nzaramyimana, Dr. Adekunle Adeyeye, and Dr. Hattie Makumbe from Kentucky State University, alongside collaborators from Illinois State University and the Agricultural Research Service.
“Artificial intelligence is not replacing the farmer or the researcher. It is giving us another tool to understand crops, environments, and production systems more clearly," Kofi said.
"As first author, I wanted this review to help connect the science with practical questions growers and researchers are asking — how we can detect problems earlier, use resources more efficiently, and strengthen food production systems for the future.”
Researchers said AI can improve disease detection, irrigation scheduling, lighting control, crop forecasting, and automation efficiency. They also noted that wider adoption will depend on stronger data systems, producer education, privacy protections, and clear agricultural data guidelines.
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