Better estimate emergence this spring to hit your target plant population

The Canola Council of Canada recommends targeting a canola plant population of five to eight plants per square foot to balance yield potential and economics. To achieve a target plant density, you need to know the seeding rate, thousand seed weight (TSW) and estimated emergence percentage. But with an average of 60.7 per cent and a range of 20-90 per cent, canola emergence rates can vary by management practices and field conditions. Quantifying these values could help farmers better adjust their rates under certain conditions.

Christiane Catellier’s project, ‘A meta-analysis of small-plot trial data to examine the relationship between crop development and environmental conditions in canola,’ aimed to address this. (Find the report at canolaresearch.ca.) The research used archived small-plot canola agronomic trial data (from 12 projects conducted across 47 site-years in Saskatchewan and Manitoba from 2013-22) and corresponding regional weather data to investigate the relationship between environmental conditions and canola emergence.

Key outcomes

• Seeding date and average air temperature before and after seeding had the most influence on emergence and appeared to be related to soil moisture.
• Seeding density, seeding date, seed-placed fertilizer and average pre- and post-seeding air temperature all had negative effects on emergence percentages, while pre- and post-seeding precipitation had positive effects on emergence.