FDA Approves Gene-Editing Tech Creating PRRS-Resistant Pigs

By R. Scott Nolen

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of a gene-editing technology that creates pigs resistant to the highly contagious and costly porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS).

The decision is among first approvals for gene-edited livestock in the United States and comes after years of extensive research and collaboration between Pig Improvement Company (PIC), a subsidiary of the animal genetics company Genus, and the FDA.

The FDA determination that the gene edit is safe and effective could significantly change how pork producers manage the devastating viral disease.

PRRS’ impact

The PRRS virus causes fever, respiratory issues, and reproductive failure in pigs. It also suppresses pigs’ immune systems, making them more susceptible to secondary infections that may need to be treated by antibiotics.

From 2016-20, PRRS was responsible for an estimated $1.2 billion loss per year in U.S. pork industry production, an 80% increase from a decade earlier, according to a recent analysis by Iowa State University.

“PRRS continues to be a significant production-limiting and costly disease of swine that compromises both the health and welfare of pigs. It is the position of the American Association of Swine Veterinarians (AASV) that elimination of the PRRS virus from the North American swine industry is the long-term goal,” Dr. Abbey Canon, AASV’s director of public health and communications, told AVMA News.

“Veterinarians and swine producers support and employ science-based strategies to enhance the health and welfare of pigs. Gene editing has the potential to positively and significantly impact animal health and welfare, food safety, food security, and public health.

“AASV supports the responsible use of gene editing technologies to improve the health and well-being of swine under strict safety and ethical standards. This includes support for ongoing research, development, and implementation efforts to benefit swine health, human health, food safety, and the sustainability of the planet.”