Western Lakes’ Droughts and Floods Both Cause Problems for Agriculture

Mar 29, 2023

By Pam Knox

There have been several articles in the news recently about the impacts of both heavy rain and continuing drought on large lakes in the Southwestern United States. In California, a series of atmospheric rivers has brought huge volumes of water to the region, drowning agricultural land and causing disputes between farmers about where the water should go. In Utah, the Great Salt Lake is on the verge of disappearing completely after years of overuse of water to grow alfalfa, causing clouds of toxic dust to affect those in Salt Lake City and threatening water supplies. This story is similar to what happened to the Aral Sea in Asia, which lost more than 90% of its water due to diversion to grow cotton. At this point, unless massive changes are made to how water is used in that region, they may suffer a permanent loss of the Great Salt Lake, which will force residents of that area to move to other parts of the United States as they run out of water. Here are some articles that address the impacts of too little or too much water on these lakes in the driest part of the country.

Deseret News: How Lake Bonneville became the Great Salt Lake

New York Times: As the Great Salt Lake Dries Up, Utah Faces an ‘Environmental Nuclear Bomb’

New York Times: I Am Haunted by What I Have Seen at Great Salt Lake (photo essay)

Matador Network: The Aral Sea Is the Ecological Disaster That You’ve Probably Never Heard Of

Los Angeles Times: Worry and suspicion reign as once-dry Tulare Lake drowns California farmland

Source : uga.edu

Video: Spring 2026 weather outlook for Wisconsin; What an early-arriving El Niño could mean

Northeast Wisconsin is a small corner of the world, but our weather is still affected by what happens across the globe.

That includes in the equatorial Pacific, where changes between El Niño and La Niña play a role in the weather here -- and boy, have there been some abrupt changes as of late.

El Niño and La Niña are the two phases of what is collectively known as the El Niño Southern Oscillation, or ENSO for short. These are the swings back and forth from unusually warm to unusually cold sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean along the equator.

Since this past September, we have been in a weak La Niña, which means water temperatures near the Eastern Pacific equator have been cooler than usual. That's where we're at right now.

Even last fall, the long-term outlook suggested a return to neutral conditions by spring and potentially El Niño conditions by summer.

But there are some signs this may be happening faster than usual, which could accelerate the onset of El Niño.

Over the last few weeks, unusually strong bursts of westerly winds farther west in the Pacific -- where sea surface temperatures are warmer than average -- have been observed. There is a chance that this could accelerate the warming of those eastern Pacific waters and potentially push us into El Niño sooner than usual.

If we do enter El Nino by spring -- which we'll define as the period of March, April and May -- there are some long-term correlations with our weather here in Northeast Wisconsin.

Looking at a map of anomalously warm weather, most of the upper Great Lakes doesn't show a strong correlation, but in general, the northern tiers of the United States do tend to lean to that direction.

The stronger correlation is with precipitation. El Niño conditions in spring have historically come with a higher risk of very dry weather over that time frame, so this will definitely be a transition we'll have to watch closely as we move out of winter.