Climate-smart wheat to resist diseases
In Ontario, researchers at the University of Guelph are working to breed disease-resistant wheat varieties to help farmers combat Fusarium head blight (FHB), a fungal disease affecting wheat crops.
Led by Dr.Helen Booker, this program aims to safeguard wheat from climate-driven threats and ensure food security.
Fusarium head blight, caused by a fungal pathogen, thrives in warmer, wetter climates. It releases spores that wither wheat kernels, damaging crops and costing billions.
As Ontario's weather patterns change, FHB’s impact grows, making disease-resistant wheat essential for farmers.
Dr. Booker’s team breeds wheat to resist FHB and other diseases while focusing on traits like high yield and strong structural integrity. In just four years, they have introduced five new wheat varieties.
One standout, OAC Constellation, is now considered the standard for eastern Canadian wheat. Other varieties like OAC Virgo and OAC Moon are vital for baked goods like bread and pastries.
The wheat breeding program involves collaboration between universities, private sectors, and government partners. The researchers run trials across Ontario’s crop research centres and conduct specialized testing to ensure wheat can thrive in diverse conditions.
With support from the Sustainable Canadian Agricultural Partnership (CAP), the team uses advanced technology to monitor wheat’s resistance and quality.
Looking to the future, graduate students are developing AI tools to help farmers assess wheat diseases in the field, improving efficiency and accuracy. These innovations aim to protect Canadian wheat crops and ensure that the industry remains sustainable in the face of climate change.
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