Private Well Testing
230,000 Iowans, or about 7% of the state’s population, rely on private wells, including most Iowa farmers. These private wells are not regulated like a public water utility, so it is incumbent on the well owner to maintain the wells and ensure the quality of the water in the well. However, of the nearly 100,000 active private wells, only 6,300 were tested for water quality.
Why is the percentage so low? The answer is complex and multi-faceted. Among the reasons are:
- Unlike public utilities, private wells in Iowa are largely unregulated. The state mandates testing only when a new well is dug or renovated; routine follow-up tests are entirely at the owner’s discretion. Also, Iowa does not require well inspections or testing during real estate transactions.
- Since well aquifers lie deep underground and their water appears clean, many homeowners assume their water is safe and clean.
- Perceived costs and complexity lead to fewer wells being tested. Well owners may be reluctant to test their wells for fear of an expensive remedy.
- Well owners may not know where to turn for assistance in testing and analyzing water samples from their well. Some that do find the testing, analysis and test results complex and difficult to interpret.
Where to Turn
Although the rate of private well testing is low in Iowa, there are several resources available. In Iowa, there is a state-funded “Grants to Counties” program that provides free or low-cost annual water testing of private wells. To access the program, contact your county department of health or environmental health to secure an appointment with the county sanitarian.
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