Understanding silent symptoms and life saving treatment for dogs
Some dog diseases are easy to notice, but others develop quietly. Addison’s disease is one such condition in dogs that often goes unnoticed until it becomes serious. It is also called hypoadrenocorticism and affects hormone production in the adrenal glands.
“Hypoadrenocorticism means a lower number of hormones being produced by the outer portion of the adrenal glands,” said Dr. Canaan Shores, a small animal urgent care veterinarian at the University of Illinois Dr. John A. Coyne South Clinic.
The adrenal glands produce cortisol and aldosterone. Cortisol helps control stress, blood sugar, and digestion. Aldosterone maintains proper levels of sodium and potassium. When these hormones are low, dogs may develop weakness, vomiting, or diarrhea.
One major challenge is that symptoms are not specific. Dogs may appear tired, eat less, or show digestive issues that come and go. These signs are often mistaken for minor problems. Stress, such as travel or changes in routine, can make symptoms worse.
In many cases, the disease is only discovered during an Addisonian crisis. This is a dangerous condition where the dog may collapse, become severely weak, or develop dehydration. Abnormal heart rhythms and low blood pressure can occur, making it life-threatening if not treated quickly.
Diagnosis usually involves blood tests. Low sodium and high potassium levels may indicate the disease. A special test called the ACTH stimulation test confirms the condition by checking hormone response.
Certain dog breeds are more likely to develop Addison’s disease, especially young to middle-aged dogs. However, it can occur to any dog.
The positive aspect is that the disease is manageable. Treatment includes hormone replacement therapy. Dogs often receive daily medication and monthly injections to maintain balance. Regular veterinary check-ups are important to adjust treatment.
“With appropriate medication and veterinary monitoring, dogs with Addison’s disease have an excellent quality of life and a good prognosis,” said Dr. Shores.
With proper care, dogs with Addison’s disease can live normal and healthy lives. Early recognition of symptoms and timely veterinary support play a key role in preventing serious complications.
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